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Gold modified cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for conversion of synthesis gas to liquid fuels

Alan J. McCue, Jura Aponaviciute, Richard P.K. Wells, James A. Anderson

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 262-269 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1334-5

摘要： The addition of Au as a promoter/modifier for alumina supported Co catalyst has been studied by combined high temperature, high pressure Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and on-line gas chromatography. The combination of these tools permitted the state of the active catalyst surface to be monitored while following the elution of reaction products during the first 5–7 h on stream of the catalyst. The catalysts under study were a 10%Co/Al O and a 2.5%Au/10%Co/Al O Samples were characterised before use using Raman and temperature programmed reduction (TPR). During the initial stages of reaction, hydrocarbons were built up on the surface of the catalyst as monitored by FTIR and the nature and amount of these species were assessed in terms of CH /CH ratio and the density of these alkyl fragments by employing absorption coefficients for the individual components. The nature and reducibility of the Co particles were modified by the presence of Au while the later also shifted the CO/H balance by acting as an effective water-gas shift catalyst during the early stages of reaction. This characteristic was lost during reaction as a consequence of redistribution of the two metallic phases.

关键词： gold modified catalyst     conversion of synthesis gas    

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NO conversion by positive streamer discharge—effects of gas compositions and reaction conditions

HE Wei, ZHU Tianle, LI Jing

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 153-158 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0027-z

摘要： The effects of gas compositions and reaction conditions on NO conversion by positive streamer discharge were experimentally investigated by using a link tooth wheel-cylinder reactor. The results showed that NO conversion increased w

关键词： conversion     streamer discharge     wheel-cylinder     positive streamer    

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A new method for the synthesis of molybdovanadophosphoric heteropoly acids and their catalytic activities

ZHANG Fumin, GUO Maiping, GE Hanqing, WANG Jun

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 296-299 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0054-0

摘要： An environmentally benign method for the synthesis of heteropoly acids HPMoVO·HO (PMoV, = 1−3) was developed by the reaction of an aqueous slurry which contained stoichiometric amounts of MoO, VO and HPO. Characterization of the as-synthesized catalysts with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) elemental analysis, thermogravimetry (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy indicated that V ions substituted for Mo ions in Keggin-type phosphomolybdic acid. The as-synthesized samples were found to be an efficient catalyst for the hydroxylation of benzene which was carried out in a mixed solvent of acetonitrile and acetic acid with aqueous hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. PMoV exhibi ted the highest benzene conversion of 34.5% with phenol selectivity of 100%.

关键词： conversion     heteropoly     Characterization     efficient catalyst     Keggin-type phosphomolybdic    

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Mesoporous zeolites as efficient catalysts for oil refining and natural gas conversion

Jie ZHU, Xiangju MENG, Fengshou XIAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 233-248 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1329-2

摘要： Zeolites have been regarded as one of the most important catalysts in petrochemical industry due to their excellent catalytic performance. However, the sole micropores in zeolites severely limit their applications in oil refining and natural gas conversion. To solve the problem, mesoporous zeolites have been prepared by introducing mesopores into the zeolite crystals in recent years, and thus have the advantages of both mesostructured materials (fast diffusion and accessible for bulky molecules) and microporous zeolite crystals (strong acidity and high hydrothermal stability). In this review, after giving a brief introduction to preparation, structure, and characterization of mesoporous zeolites, we systematically summarize catalytic applications of these mesoporous zeolites as efficient catalysts in oil refining and natural gas conversion including catalytic cracking of heavy oil, alkylation, isomerization, hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, methane dehydroaromatization, methanol dehydration to dimethyl ether, methanol to olefins, and methanol to hydrocarbons.

关键词： mesoporous zeolite     catalysis     oil refining     natural gas conversion    

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Production of hydrogen from fossil fuel: A review

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 585-610 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0886-4

摘要： Production of hydrogen, one of the most promising alternative clean fuels, through catalytic conversion from fossil fuel is the most technically and economically feasible technology. Catalytic conversion of natural gas into hydrogen and carbon is thermodynamically favorable under atmospheric conditions. However, using noble metals as a catalyst is costly for hydrogen production, thus mandating non-noble metal-based catalysts such as Ni, Co, and Cu-based alloys. This paper reviews the various hydrogen production methods from fossil fuels through pyrolysis, partial oxidation, autothermal, and steam reforming, emphasizing the catalytic production of hydrogen via steam reforming of methane. The multicomponent catalysts composed of several non-noble materials have been summarized. Of the Ni, Co, and Cu-based catalysts investigated in the literature, Ni/Al2O3 catalyst is the most economical and performs best because it suppresses the coke formation on the catalyst. To avoid carbon emission, this method of hydrogen production from methane should be integrated with carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). Carbon capture can be accomplished by absorption, adsorption, and membrane separation processes. The remaining challenges, prospects, and future research and development directions are described.

关键词： methane     catalytic conversion     natural gas     hydrogen production     CCUS    

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Sensitivity analysis of a methanol and power polygeneration system fueled with coke oven gas and coalgas

Guoqiang ZHANG, Lin GAO, Hongguang JIN, Rumou LIN, Sheng LI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 491-497 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0511-z

摘要： The sensitivity analysis of a polygeneration energy system fueled with duo fuel of coke oven gas and coal gas is performed in the study, and the focus is put on the relations among syngas composition, conversation rate and performance. The impacts of the system configuration together with the fuel composition on the performance are investigated and discussed from the point of cascading utilization of fuel chemical energy. First, the main parameters affecting the performance are derived along with the analysis of the system configuration and the syngas composition. After the performance is being simulated by means of the Aspen Plus process simulator of version 11.1, the variation of the performance due to the composition of syngas and the conversion rate of chemical subsystem is obtained and discussed. It is obtained from the result that the proper conversion rate of the chemical subsystem according to the specific syngas composition results in better performance. And the syngas composition affects the optimal conversion rate of the chemical subsystem, the optimal point of which is around the stoichiometric composition for methanol production (CO/H = 0.5). In all, the polygeneration system fueled with coke oven gas and coal gas, which can realize the reasonable conversion of syngas to power and chemical product according to the syngas composition, is a promising method for coal energy conversion and utilization.

关键词： duo fuel of coke oven gas and coal gas     polygeneration of power and methanol     sensitivity analysis     the relation among energy utilization     syngas composition and chemical conversion rate    

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Facile synthesis and enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity of Ti

Xiaojie Zhang,Lei Wang,Shuqing Chen,Yi Huang,Zhuonan Song,Miao Yu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 349-358 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1523-5

摘要： Ti -doped TiO nanosheets with tunable phase composition (doped TiO (A/R)) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method with high surface area anatase TiO nanosheets TiO (A) as a substrate, structure directing agent, and inhibitor; the activity was evaluated using a probe reaction-photocatalytic CO conversion to methane under visible light irradiation with H as an electron donor and hydrogen source. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), field emission scanning electron microscope, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) etc., were used to characterize the photocatalysts. XRD and HRTEM measurements confirmed the existence of anatase-rutile phase junction, while Ti and single-electron-trapped oxygen vacancy in the doped TiO (A/R) photocatalyst were revealed byelectron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. Effects of hydrothermal synthesis temperature and the amount of added anatase TiO on the photocatalytic activity were elucidated. Significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity of doped TiO (A/R) was observed; under the optimized synthesis conditions, CH generation rate of doped TiO (A/R) was 2.3 times that of Ti -doped rutile TiO .

关键词： Ti3+-doped TiO2     photocatalytic CO2 conversion     visible light irradiation    

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Photocatalytic syngas synthesis from CO

Ling Tan, Kipkorir Peter, Jing Ren, Baoyang Du, Xiaojie Hao, Yufei Zhao, Yu-Fei Song

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 99-108 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1947-4

摘要： The rational design of photocatalyst that can effectively reduce CO under visible light ( >400 nm), and simultaneously precise control of the products syngas (CO/H ) ratio is highly desirable for the Fischer-Tropsch reaction. In this work, we synthesized a series of CeO -decorated layered double hydroxides (LDHs, Ce- ) samples for photocatalytic CO reduction. It was found that the selectivity and productivity of CO and H from photoreduction of CO in conjunction with Ru-complex as photosensitizer performed an obvious “volcano-like” trend, with the highest point at Ce-0.15 and the CO/H ratio can be widely tunable from 1/7.7 to 1/1.3. Furthermore, compared with LDH, Ce-0.15 also drove photocatalytic CO to syngas under 600 nm irradiation. It implied that an optimum amount of CeO modifying LDH promoted the photoreduction of CO to syngas. This report gives the way to fully utilize the rare earth elements and provides a promising route to enhance the photo-response ability and charge injection efficiency of LDH-based photocatalysts in the synthesis of syngas with a tunable ratio under visible light irradiation.

关键词： visible light catalysis     CO2 conversion     layered double hydroxide     rare earth elements    

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Synthesis of mid-dicarboxy polystyrene by ATRP and formation of ionic-bonded supramolecules

YU Tao, WANG Yun, LU Dairen, BAI Ruke, LU Weiqi

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 140-145 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0026-4

摘要： Dimethyl 4, 6-bis (bromomethyl) isophthalate was synthesized by bromomethylation, oxidation, esterification and bromination of 1, 3-dimethylbenzene. This was used to initiate the atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene successfully. Results showed that the process had some of the good characteristics of controlled/living free radical polymerization. The molecular weight of the obtained polymer increased linearly with monomer conversion, its molecular weight distribution was very narrow, and a linear relationship between ln([]/[]) and polymerization time was found. A well-defined novel structural polystyrene containing two ester groups in the mid-main chain was prepared with controlled molecular weight and narrow polydispersity. The structure of the polymer was confirmed by H-NMR spectra. After being hydrolyzed, dicarboxy polystyrene was obtained and used to form ionic-bonded supramolecules with 1-dodecanamine as a model of the star-shaped supramolecules. The supramolecules formed were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum.

关键词： controlled molecular     conversion     bromination     relationship     isophthalate    

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Experimental evaluation of a 35 kVA downdraft gasifier

Ashok Jayawant Rao KECHE, Gaddale AMBA PRASAD RAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 300-306 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0247-9

摘要： Energy conversion systems based on biomass are particularly interesting because biomass utilization effectively closes the carbon cycle besides achieving self-sustainability. Biomass is particularly useful for highly populated and agriculture dependent economic nations like China and India. A compact and cost effective downdraft gasification system was developed. The present paper describes an experimental investigation on a biomass based gasifier engine system with a capacity of 35 kVA for power generation application. The problem of cooling and cleaning the hot and dirty gas from the gasifier has been satisfactorily solved by the effective cooling and filtration system. The gasifier developed is observed to be operation friendly. The quality of gas was evaluated in terms of its composition, conversion efficiency and total particulate matter. The maximum output of the power plant was obtained at the combustion zone temperature of 850oC. The experimental investigations showed that the percentage reduction in total particulate matter is 89.32%. The conversion efficiency of the biomass gasifier is found to be dependent on the operation conditions and fuel properties of the gasifier. The optimum value of equivalence ratio was observed to be 0.3134 for achieving the maximum gas conversion efficiency of the present gasifier configuration.

关键词： biomass     gasification     producer gas     equivalence ratio     total particulate matter     conversion efficiency of gasifier    

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Catalytic cracking of endothermic fuels in coated tube reactor

LI Jia, ZOU Jijun, ZHANG Xiangwen, GUO Wei, MI Zhentao

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 181-185 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0032-1

摘要： Suspensoid of HZSM-5 or HY zeolites mixed with a self-made ceramic-like binder was coated on the inner wall of a tubular reactor by gas-aided fluid displacement technology. The coated zeolites were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The coating thickness is 10–20 ?m and the particle size of the zeolites is in the range of 1–5 ?m. In the coated reactor, cracking of endothermic fuels including -dodecane and aviation fuel RP-3 was carried out separately under supercritical conditions at 600°C and 625°C to investigate their heat sinks and conversion of catalytic reactions. For the reaction catalyzed by HY(25% mass fraction) coating, the heat sink capacity of -dodecane are 815.7 and 901.9 kJ/kg higher than that of the bare tube at 600°C and at 625°C, respectively. Conversion of -dodecane also increases from 42% to 60% at 600°C and from 66% to 80% at 625°C. The coated zeolite can significantly inhibit the carbon deposition during supercritical cracking reactions.

关键词： HZSM-5     self-made ceramic-like     gas-aided     Conversion     Suspensoid    

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δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source apportionment

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1414-6

摘要：

• Challenges in sampling of NH3 sources for d15N analysis are highlighted.

关键词： Aerosol ammonium     Atmospheric gaseous ammonia     Isotope fingerprinting     Isotope-based source apportionment     Ammonia gas-to-particle conversion    

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Hydrogel photocatalysts for efficient energy conversion and environmental treatment

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 577-595 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0756-x

摘要： Photocatalysts have attracted great research interest owing to their excellent properties and potential for simultaneously addressing challenges related to energy needs and environmental pollution. Photocatalytic particles need to be in contact with their respective media to exhibit efficient photocatalytic performances. However, it is difficult to separate nanometer-sized photocatalytic materials from reaction media later, which may lead to secondary pollution and a poor recycling performance. Hydrogel photocatalysts with a three-dimensional (3D) network structures are promising support materials for photocatalysts based on features such as high specific surface areas and adsorption capacities and good environmental compatibility. In this review, hydrogel photocatalysts are classified into two different categories depending on their elemental composition and recent progresses in the methods for preparing hydrogel photocatalysts are summarized. Moreover, current applications of hydrogel photocatalysts in energy conversion and environmental remediation are reviewed. Furthermore, a comprehensive outlook and highlight future challenges in the development of hydrogel photocatalysts are presented.

关键词： hydrogel     photocatalysts     energy conversion     environmental treatment    

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Biological conversion pathways of sulfate reduction ammonium oxidation in anammox consortia

Zhen Bi, Deqing Wanyan, Xiang Li, Yong Huang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1217-1

摘要： The SRAO phenomena tended to occur only under certain conditions. High amount of biomass and non-anaerobic condition is requirement for SRAO. Anammox bacteria cannot oxidize ammonium with sulfate as electron acceptor. AOB and AnAOB are mainly responsible for ammonium conversion. Heterotrophic sulfate reduction mainly contributed to sulfate conversion. For over two decades, sulfate reduction with ammonium oxidation (SRAO) had been reported from laboratory experiments. SRAO was considered an autotrophic process mediated by anammox bacteria, in which ammonium as electron donor was oxidized by the electron acceptor sulfate. This process had been attributed to observed transformations of nitrogenous and sulfurous compounds in natural environments. Results obtained differed largely for the conversion mole ratios (ammonium/sulfate), and even the intermediate and final products of sulfate reduction. Thus, the hypothesis of biological conversion pathways of ammonium and sulfate in anammox consortia is implausible. In this study, continuous reactor experiments (with working volume of 3.8L) and batch tests were conducted under normal anaerobic (0.2≤DO<0.5 mg/L) / strict anaerobic (DO<0.2 mg/L) conditions with different biomass proportions to verify the SRAO phenomena and identify possible pathways behind substrate conversion. Key findings were that SRAO occurred only in cases of high amounts of inoculant biomass under normal anaerobic condition, while absent under strict anaerobic conditions for same anammox consortia. Mass balance and stoichiometry were checked based on experimental results and the thermodynamics proposed by previous studies were critically discussed. Thus anammox bacteria do not possess the ability to oxidize ammonium with sulfate as electron acceptor and the assumed SRAO could, in fact, be a combination of aerobic ammonium oxidation, anammox and heterotrophic sulfate reduction processes.

关键词： Anammox bacteria     Autotrophic     Biological conversion     Sulfate reducing ammonium oxidation (SRAO)    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Gold modified cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for conversion of synthesis gas to liquid fuels

Alan J. McCue, Jura Aponaviciute, Richard P.K. Wells, James A. Anderson

期刊论文

NO conversion by positive streamer discharge—effects of gas compositions and reaction conditions

HE Wei, ZHU Tianle, LI Jing

期刊论文

A new method for the synthesis of molybdovanadophosphoric heteropoly acids and their catalytic activities

ZHANG Fumin, GUO Maiping, GE Hanqing, WANG Jun

期刊论文

Mesoporous zeolites as efficient catalysts for oil refining and natural gas conversion

Jie ZHU, Xiangju MENG, Fengshou XIAO

期刊论文

Production of hydrogen from fossil fuel: A review

期刊论文

Sensitivity analysis of a methanol and power polygeneration system fueled with coke oven gas and coalgas

Guoqiang ZHANG, Lin GAO, Hongguang JIN, Rumou LIN, Sheng LI

期刊论文

Facile synthesis and enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity of Ti

Xiaojie Zhang,Lei Wang,Shuqing Chen,Yi Huang,Zhuonan Song,Miao Yu

期刊论文

Photocatalytic syngas synthesis from CO

Ling Tan, Kipkorir Peter, Jing Ren, Baoyang Du, Xiaojie Hao, Yufei Zhao, Yu-Fei Song

期刊论文

Synthesis of mid-dicarboxy polystyrene by ATRP and formation of ionic-bonded supramolecules

YU Tao, WANG Yun, LU Dairen, BAI Ruke, LU Weiqi

期刊论文

Experimental evaluation of a 35 kVA downdraft gasifier

Ashok Jayawant Rao KECHE, Gaddale AMBA PRASAD RAO

期刊论文

Catalytic cracking of endothermic fuels in coated tube reactor

LI Jia, ZOU Jijun, ZHANG Xiangwen, GUO Wei, MI Zhentao

期刊论文

δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source apportionment

期刊论文

张香平：基于离子液体的汽化离和转化过程（2019年5月25日）

2021年04月22日

会议视频

Hydrogel photocatalysts for efficient energy conversion and environmental treatment

期刊论文

Biological conversion pathways of sulfate reduction ammonium oxidation in anammox consortia

Zhen Bi, Deqing Wanyan, Xiang Li, Yong Huang

期刊论文